Blue light effects on vision. Prevention optometry. | Optometristiem.lv
The human eye is continuously exposed to sunlight and artificial light impacts. The eye is exposed to UVB (295-320 nm), UVA (320-400nm) and visible light (400-700nm). The light passes through it and signals to the brain about what they see around and circadian rhythms. Eye damage protects the antioxidant system. Lens of the eye is a protective pigment kynurenine, but the retina and uvea is melanin. These pigments absorb ambient radiation storm shelters and scatters them without damage. Middle storm shelters age decreases the antioxidant and protective pigments change. Intense artificial light and sunlight may occur or worsen with age-related eye disease storm shelters (1).
Intensity. The greater the intensity of the light, the greater the risk of damage. storm shelters For example, the eye can be damaged from sunlight reflected from snow. Damage can be obtained if you look at the sun during the eclipse (1).
By the retina into the visible light. Since children have a very clear lens, the retina to come in and UVB with a wavelength of 320 nm. But the elderly lens becomes yellow and retina do not come to a large proportion of blue light (400nm-500nm) (1).
Cornea. Corneal epithelial storm shelters and endothelial cells can easily damage causing keratitis, but thanks to their ability to regenerate damaged mostly transient. UVB causes photokeratitis, UVB and UVA under the influence of pinguekula and pterigium (1).
Iris. Iris affected by UV and visible light, but these cells contain a lot of melanin, so it is relatively protected, unless the effects are long-lasting and cells outdated. Prolonged UV radiation can cause melanoma uveālā tract. A higher risk of getting storm shelters melanoma is a bright eye colors owners compared with dark eye colors owners (1).
Lens. The lens consists storm shelters of two parts, where the failure occurs: the epithelial cells (the outer part) and fiber membrane (inner part). The lens leading to structural damage of the lens material, refractive index change storm shelters and ultimately to opacity (cataract formation) (1).
Retina. Phototoxic damage occurs in the retina retinal storm shelters pigment, horoidea and rod outer segment. If the damage is not extensive, the retinal tissue recovery provides specific mechanisms, storm shelters but extensive damage can have irreversible blindness. Macular dystrophy is a leading cause of blindness in older people (14% over 55 years; 37% over 75 years). Age-related macular dystrophies (AMD) there wet form and in dry form (8, 18).
Although the etiology of macular degeneration is unknown, but risk groups are people over 55 years of age, family history, race (light color), obesity, diet is not used in fruit and vegetables, high blood pressure, women, bright eyes, heart and vascular diseases, smoke, UV radiation, blue light, immobility (1, 5, 8, 18).
K. Koushan colleagues studied storm shelters the L and Z as interlocks blue light damage, and the oxygen free radical quencher. Lutein and zeaxanthin together with its isomers meso-zeaxanthin represents pigment molecules, which are situated macula. Macular pigmentsavienojumi responsible for macular pigment yellow hue, focusing on internal and external pfleksiformajā layer, as well as the macula, the rod outer segment. storm shelters Lutein can be located on the periphery of the retina, retinal pigment, horioidea, ciliary body, and iris and lens slightly. It is believed that receiving a daily 6-20 mg of lutein reduces riks get cataracts and AMD, as well as the slow progress. Oxidative damage takes place in rod outer segment. Lutein is able to be converted storm shelters into free radicals (see. Fig. 1.) (8).
The short wavelength radiation and blue light of the impact (peak at 440 nm) is the largest storm shelters impact on the photoreceptor and retinal pigment, causing photochemical damage and cell death. Blue light requires 100 times less intensity than Gaim orange (590 nm) to create lesions (8). Animal experiments it is shown that excessive white light going into the retina causes storm shelters photoreceptor cell death and shortly retinal pigment epithelial cell death (2).
C. Roehlecke and U. Schulmann in his study on the effects of blue light photoreceptor used LED lighting system with a wavelength of 405 nm. The study was conducted with a murine eye tīklenēm. Manipulation of the retina with blue light was observed in reactive storm shelters oxygen particle generation storm shelters and photoreceptor cell death kodolainajā outer layer. Oxidative stress is often referred to as AMD (age related macular degeneration) development factor. After 3 hours of exposure was observed disorganization of photoreceptor outer segments (see. 2, Fig. 3.). (6)
Figure 2. Blue light photoreceptor disc disorganization storm shelters created after 12h exposure. A and C samples of blue light, storm shelters B and D are irradiated retinal samples. B and D can be seen in photoreceptor shape, wheels exactly n
The human eye is continuously exposed to sunlight and artificial light impacts. The eye is exposed to UVB (295-320 nm), UVA (320-400nm) and visible light (400-700nm). The light passes through it and signals to the brain about what they see around and circadian rhythms. Eye damage protects the antioxidant system. Lens of the eye is a protective pigment kynurenine, but the retina and uvea is melanin. These pigments absorb ambient radiation storm shelters and scatters them without damage. Middle storm shelters age decreases the antioxidant and protective pigments change. Intense artificial light and sunlight may occur or worsen with age-related eye disease storm shelters (1).
Intensity. The greater the intensity of the light, the greater the risk of damage. storm shelters For example, the eye can be damaged from sunlight reflected from snow. Damage can be obtained if you look at the sun during the eclipse (1).
By the retina into the visible light. Since children have a very clear lens, the retina to come in and UVB with a wavelength of 320 nm. But the elderly lens becomes yellow and retina do not come to a large proportion of blue light (400nm-500nm) (1).
Cornea. Corneal epithelial storm shelters and endothelial cells can easily damage causing keratitis, but thanks to their ability to regenerate damaged mostly transient. UVB causes photokeratitis, UVB and UVA under the influence of pinguekula and pterigium (1).
Iris. Iris affected by UV and visible light, but these cells contain a lot of melanin, so it is relatively protected, unless the effects are long-lasting and cells outdated. Prolonged UV radiation can cause melanoma uveālā tract. A higher risk of getting storm shelters melanoma is a bright eye colors owners compared with dark eye colors owners (1).
Lens. The lens consists storm shelters of two parts, where the failure occurs: the epithelial cells (the outer part) and fiber membrane (inner part). The lens leading to structural damage of the lens material, refractive index change storm shelters and ultimately to opacity (cataract formation) (1).
Retina. Phototoxic damage occurs in the retina retinal storm shelters pigment, horoidea and rod outer segment. If the damage is not extensive, the retinal tissue recovery provides specific mechanisms, storm shelters but extensive damage can have irreversible blindness. Macular dystrophy is a leading cause of blindness in older people (14% over 55 years; 37% over 75 years). Age-related macular dystrophies (AMD) there wet form and in dry form (8, 18).
Although the etiology of macular degeneration is unknown, but risk groups are people over 55 years of age, family history, race (light color), obesity, diet is not used in fruit and vegetables, high blood pressure, women, bright eyes, heart and vascular diseases, smoke, UV radiation, blue light, immobility (1, 5, 8, 18).
K. Koushan colleagues studied storm shelters the L and Z as interlocks blue light damage, and the oxygen free radical quencher. Lutein and zeaxanthin together with its isomers meso-zeaxanthin represents pigment molecules, which are situated macula. Macular pigmentsavienojumi responsible for macular pigment yellow hue, focusing on internal and external pfleksiformajā layer, as well as the macula, the rod outer segment. storm shelters Lutein can be located on the periphery of the retina, retinal pigment, horioidea, ciliary body, and iris and lens slightly. It is believed that receiving a daily 6-20 mg of lutein reduces riks get cataracts and AMD, as well as the slow progress. Oxidative damage takes place in rod outer segment. Lutein is able to be converted storm shelters into free radicals (see. Fig. 1.) (8).
The short wavelength radiation and blue light of the impact (peak at 440 nm) is the largest storm shelters impact on the photoreceptor and retinal pigment, causing photochemical damage and cell death. Blue light requires 100 times less intensity than Gaim orange (590 nm) to create lesions (8). Animal experiments it is shown that excessive white light going into the retina causes storm shelters photoreceptor cell death and shortly retinal pigment epithelial cell death (2).
C. Roehlecke and U. Schulmann in his study on the effects of blue light photoreceptor used LED lighting system with a wavelength of 405 nm. The study was conducted with a murine eye tīklenēm. Manipulation of the retina with blue light was observed in reactive storm shelters oxygen particle generation storm shelters and photoreceptor cell death kodolainajā outer layer. Oxidative stress is often referred to as AMD (age related macular degeneration) development factor. After 3 hours of exposure was observed disorganization of photoreceptor outer segments (see. 2, Fig. 3.). (6)
Figure 2. Blue light photoreceptor disc disorganization storm shelters created after 12h exposure. A and C samples of blue light, storm shelters B and D are irradiated retinal samples. B and D can be seen in photoreceptor shape, wheels exactly n
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